Get a mobile phone quickly.

Get a Mobile Phone quickly so you can start building that local contact list.You should expect to be asked for your number all the time be diligent about how you hand the phone number out or you may find that you begin to receive un-wanted telephone calls possibly at all hours of the day or night.

If you’re here in Egypt on a permanent basis, I recommend you precede to one of the nearest mobile phone retailers. That belongs to one of the three primary service providers, located within Egypt. The three services providers are (Mobinil, Vodafone and Etisalat) you can obtain a sim-card from any of the service providers mentioned. The cost of sim-cards may be from seven to fifteen Le based on the selected provider.

I recommend buying a second charger for work place use, this will only cost approximately fifteen Le.Be sure you put it away when your done charging the phone.They tend to grow legs in the local work place.

You're then ready for a prepackaged mobile device which should come with an available charger and battery. And only requires three steps to make the device operational. All the steps are straight forward and the retail shop will most likely take care of them during the purchase process.

All three services are sort of competitively priced within reason and offer an assortment of packages. Both Mobinil and Vodafone currently have better overall coverage of Egypt then etisalat when calling a person on one of the other networks. This situation may effectively be corrected over the next year or so when it's corrected. I will then consider switching my provider to etisalat based on pricing alone. But for now I recommend either of the other two services.

You will most likely need to pay attention to the process of charging the phone with a prepaid calling card. These pre- paid cards are widely used across Egypt and readily available from a wide assortment of shops or directly from the service providers. Another general rule is that foreign nationals are not normally given a phone line that results in a monthly itemized statement or bill for the account unless it's guaranteed by a local company, in written form on company letter head which you're being employed by during your stay in Egypt.

The last step you need to perform after you return home, is plug in the charger then charge the battery overnight.

Should i drink that tea or coffee, sure if its a hot drink.

I recall being new and really green behind the ears during my first short stay within Egypt. This visit which lasted only about three months took place toward the end of 1993 and was entirely too long for the other six team members.Which came along and were necessary to accomplish our contractual scope of work.

Hot drinks are ok for consumption, but those food items your thinking to purchased from the little wooden carts or from the roadside stands should be avoided.

I could hardly wait to begin to experience Egypt first hand.I roamed the Heliopolis area at night time alone, sampling the local foods and drinks at random from shops as they were discovered. By the third day i had the worst case of strep throat since child hood.The other six guys got a real charge out of this as i had been poking plenty of fun at them the "girls" for their fear of discovering Egypt.

I recalled passing by a pharmacy during one of my walks and decided to visit and see what was available for my sore throat, infection and fever.The pharmacist was direct and to the point He asked if i was new to Egypt and how long I had been in country. I replied to his questions and he began to gather numerous boxes of medication from the assorted shelf's located around the shop while making a pile on the counter directly in front of me. At this point I began to think I was going to die while watching the pile grow into a small mountain.

He quickly pulled a single box of antibiotics from the pile he made and informed me it would begin to clear up the throat problem by tomorrow. I began to open the box to take the first dose of medicine with a soda the pharmacist had one of the workers get from the store next door.He took the time and explained why first time visitors often get ill and what other travelers type illness we would come down with at some point over the next couple months. He took the time and explained to me about all the other medications he placed on the pile.

Time proved he knew exactly what he was speaking about as almost everybody became ill at some point over the next three months.But we were now semi prepared to cope with it do to the kind and helpful pharmacist.

He introduced me to a couple of my best new friends "antinal,eurocarb and electrolytes" for combating the revenge of the Pharaohs along with and antiseptic mouth wash to use twice a day.He also explained that lemon is useful in helping with rehydration issues.

Expat re-locating to Egypt For the long term.

Upon arrival to Egypt, following your successful clearing of customs you will likely transition to a hotel for some period of time.

The hotel industry by design caters to the regular business needs of firms and to the vast amount of tourist traffic generated within Egypt.All contacts established at this interface should be considered suspect,over priced and commercial in nature, until they prove other wise.

This understanding should be either confirmed or disproved based on your own powers of direct observation and interactions with the individuals.It's important you understand upfront that hotel salary's are often low and that many of the people working within the industry "need" and have learned how to supplement their normal income through the use of the daily exposure process to travelers they encounter.Via some form of commissions and or finder fees related to almost anything especially for apartments,car rentals, gifts and souvenir items from outside of the hotel itself.

These items and services which were recommended may appear cheaper to you at first look and they will be when measured against the hotel rates or fees for similar items or services. you need to understand it may still include some cost element for the recommending person and it could be a substantial amount.

I Suggest you use any trusted established contacts you have,from outside of the hotel for confirmation on cost of goods or services that have a large monetary value.

I highly recommend you apply due diligence principles and methods to all of your undertakings while being based in a hotel.Most of us learn this lesson the hard way, with it often being an expensive one.

Egypt using a Reverse osmosis filter system for drinking water.

I have from time to time searched for information on the quality of potable water within Egypt.the areas covered in this linked report feeds the water supply where i live currently.

I have always used the local water boiled for coffee,tea and any other type of drink which requires refrigeration for storage. We also use the water for cooking.

We have always used bottled water for our daily drinking habits.

If anybody has any related current reports or information on the water quality within Egypt it would be appreciated if you add it to this thread with a link back to the source.

The report above also suggest using a point of use filtration system and then still boiling the water prior to use.

We normally use a large counter top type electric water boiler which is kept full of water that has been boiled at least one time prior to use in our daily cooking.

We recently installed a under counter model reverses osmosis filter system with five stages along with a storage tank.The unit automatically cleans the filters on a regular cycle which is pre programed into the small system and discharges the backwashed solution into the buildings drain system.The unit produces on average seventy five gallons a day of cleaned water or 12 liters per hour on a continuous basis. I'm happy to say the water taste quite like aquafina which is one of the popular local brands.

based on our family of four and our related past purchasing level for bottled water we will recover the cost of the system in under a one year period.

It took some effort to locate and contact the company we purchased our filter system from.Like many of the company's here that have web sites, the email links were found to be none functioning for two of the three firms we contacted and the third firms worked but they were none responsive to our initial attempt at contacting them via email in English.

I find this habit a bit bothersome,why build a web site for advertisement,sales,brand or company promotion with a link for use while contacting the firm. if you fail to respond to enquirers.

My luck with using the land lines was just a little better, i did manage to contact two of the the three firms and made a little head way speaking in English.In the end we used the mobile phone numbers and contacted them again using Arabic all three were quick to answer our questions.

Carrefor sales and assortment of cheap filters for in-line and counter top use. none of which can filter,clean and store water in a sufficient amount that we use as a family on an hourly or daily basis.

This product area is currently under study we will most likely enter the residential sector for this consumer product line.which is really needed within Egypt at a fair consumer price range.


I will list/link to some of the recent study which are available on-line and relate directly to the quality of available waters within Egypt.

Quality of Bottled Water Brands in Egypt

chemical-quality-of-tap-water-versus-bottled

pH1N1 Demonstrates 95% Instability In Critical Genetics Range with Extensive Bird Flu Inclusions

This information is well worth repeating and comes from GeneWurx.com .If you plan to travel for business or just, for a visit to Egypt in the near future. You may wish to review a couple of other sites with travel information specific to Egypt Flutrackers.com and some of the related issues.

pH1N1 Demonstrates 95% Instability In Critical Genetics Range with Extensive Bird Flu Inclusions


Today, May 12, 2010, 5 hours ago | noreply@blogger.com (NS1)
In positions where this flu is revising the pandemic gene code, the ΣPF11 reservoir (pH1N1) presently exhibits a strong pattern of alliance with serotypes normally infecting birds, horses and dogs.

More than 95% of the Hemagglutinin positions between 186 and 246, including antigenic areas of the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD/RBS), are on record as polymorphic. Only 3 positions in that range are stable. Many positions rate multiple changes. Protein revision is documented at 45 of the 61 positions (73.8%), engaging the potential for antibody resistance (natural immune escape and vaccine escape).

Please recall from earlier analyses (linked in the ultimate paragraph) that individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been correlated to escape events (low reactor).

The list presented today is certainly not comprehensive. Only one section is discussed from one gene segment (HA) covering 61 contiguous amino acid positions. The extensive variation in that short range is detailed in the data listing.

Viral revision is also rapidly occurring in additional HA antigenic areas outside the range of positions documented in this analysis. The Neuraminidase of the human pandemic H1N1 reservoir is also acquiring revisions with homology to Avian and Equine influenza at a ratio to total changes even higher than that of the Hemagglutinin being surveyed in this analysis.

The viral reservoir backing this present H1N1 flu pandemic is far from stable and is actively acquiring new genetics. Current data does not indicate an immediate direction toward stability.

A previous version of this listing may be referenced for tracking. Please review details on the causality behind this particular study in the earliest version.

186S synonymous (TCc) Russia61, BZSP53823_2009_08_01_f,
. . . . BadenWurttemberg8_2010, TexasJMS387_2009_12_08,
. . . . KO_Daegu1873_2009_12_16_TmX,
. . . . H9N2 (cCc, cac)
186P (cCT) CalifVRDL7, UkraineChernihiv857, Ankara17
. . . . Thessaloniki791_2010 mix (225G, syn233Y, 324I, 377K)
186F (TtT) Ankara26
187T synonymous (ACc) Berlin164, Iran572, BeijingXicheng11649,
. . . . S5, 1918,
. . . . H9N2
187A (gCT) TexasJMS405_2009, TexasJMS406_2009,
. . . . H5N1 (gaT)
188T (AcT) swThaiCURA75_2010_01,
. . . . H6N1 dkHK202_1977, dkKOS17_2003,
. . . . H7N7 extensive including human fatality
188S synonymous (AGc) NY6943_xL
188N SC16, SC31, NY3502, ME15, CatS1187, Milan433, Kaifu4142,
. . . . Bilthoven4360903023, Japan, China,
. . . . swHK_NS1809_2009_12_03 (189T), swHK_NS1810_2009_12_03
. . . . S5, H5N1
188I Growing in US on cross-linked background (4), BZSP53823 (186S),
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
189A synonymous (GCc), Georgia01_2010, Georgia 2010 (+5),
. . . . swOR4060
189V (GtT) Sydney2503, Texas46172731,
. . . . Sask, H6N1 mallMaryland887_2002
189S (tCT) Wisc1434
189T (aCT) Extensive in US incl NY7020 (77N), on cross-linkage (4) incl
. . . . NY6943_xL, Ontario328474, Aswan2288, China,
. . . . swHK_NS1809_2009_12_03 (188N)
. . . . 1918, H5N1 2009, H6N1, H9N2 2008
190D synonymous (GAt) Nebraska02_2010, Milan326, UkraineZakarpatska830,
. . . . AfghanN09833_2009_08
. . . . 1918, H1N1 (1943, 51)
190Y SwedenMalmoe1_2010_01_01, H6N1 (tTG)
191R (CgA) Chengdu18 (131P), GuangdongSWL28 (192H, 199N)
192H (CAt) GuangdongSWL28 (191R, 199N),
. . . . Avian H2N3 (agt), H3N8 (act), H6N1 (aAt, gat, gct)
192Q synonymous (CAg) RomaISS50 (227V), Nebraska01_2010,
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46)
193S synonymous (AGc) US 2010 (4), SC18_VxX, NM11, NM13,
. . . . Wisc (5), DC_INS28,
. . . . CalifVRDL11_2010, CalifVRDL13_2010,
. . . . AfghanN10765_2009_09, Milan294, Japan 2010,
. . . . H3N8 AGc aplatBelgium12827_2007,
. . . . H6N1 AGc chkTaiwan0706_2003,
. . . . H9N2 Aac dkViet2009,
. . . . H11Nx Aac dkViet2009
193G (gGT) AR08, Cal_SDINS04, Kansas26,
. . . . H5N1 (gGg), H3N8 (gaT, gac, gaa), H11 (gac, gat)
193N (AaT) Washington72,
. . . . H3N8, H6N1, H9N2, H11
193R (cGT) catItaly304678_1_2009_12_17_f, Origin Unknown
194I (aTC) NC38E3, VA27, SC18, Bangladesh3009, StPete59, StPete99,
. . . . Thessaloniki788_2010 (syn233Y, 324I, 377K),
. . . . China (3),
. . . . H5N1
194L synonymous (CTa) Japan4081, tn,
. . . . H9N2 2008 (tTa),
. . . . H6N1 ckTaiwan1205_2001, tkBC2_1997 (CTa)
194L synonymous (CTt) TexasJMS385_2009, CalifVRDL36,
. . . . WiscD0675, WiscD0891, WiscD1237,
. . . . EgyptN11640_2009_10, Iran572,
. . . . H5N1,
. . . . H9N2 dkVietnamOIE2327_2009
195Y synonymous (TAc) Guayaquil4 (206S),
. . . . swOR4060, tkDeutsche, swDeutsche,
. . . . Avian H2N3,
. . . . Avian and Equine H3N8 emergent,
. . . . H5N1 gsEgyptR4_2007,
. . . . H6N1,
. . . . H7N7 2004-2009,
. . . . H9N2 99%,
. . . . H11 90%
196Q synonymous (CAa) Wisc (3), Moldova (3), Malaysia (2), China,
. . . . Milan326, Pavia (6), Ankara18, NordrheinWestfalen106,
. . . . swOR4060,
. . . . Avian H2N3,
. . . . H5N1
197T (AcT) Malaysia4039, swH1N2
198A synonymous (GCc) KO_Seoul1870_2009_12_18_TmX
198V Malaysia5283, Malaysia9117
198G (GgA) BeijingXuanwu1945 (86T, 178M), Tomsk07 (131P, 225G)
. . . . WSN33,
. . . . H3N8 eqHeilongjiang10_2008,
. . . . H6N1,
. . . . H7N7 ext
199N (aAT) GuangdongSWL28, Milan80, Milan83, Iceland176,
. . . . S9, S7, M7, Sask, H5 (aCT),
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51) (aCT)
199D synonymous (GAc) swine Illinois, H5, H9N2
200A synonymous (GCc) swOR4060, S5
200T (aCA) FL31, RomaniaTimis2018, Australia (6), Asia (15),
. . . . MilanUSHR1, Bilthoven4360901004,
. . . . NepalNP09A294, KO_Seoul1785_2009_11_TmX,
. . . . ShizuokaC247_2009_11_08,
. . . . Hiroshima647 (syn91G, 122E mix, syn145K, 210N mix, 219T mix),
. . . . Kobe90597_2010 (syn138A, syn429L),
. . . . Yokosuka8 (syn16T, 158E, 174R),
. . . . KuwaitN12991_2009_08_24,
. . . . tkDeutsche, swDeutsche,
. . . . H5,
. . . . H9N2
200S (tCA) NY1999_2010_01_18, NY0461, NY6945, NY5276,
. . . . NC57, SC46, WiscD0780, WiscS1338, NJ11, DC_INS31,
. . . . China,
. . . . MadridINS186 (373H), OdenseINS177 (286E)
. . . . cheetahCA30954
. . . . H11 Avian tCt ext, tCc ext including dkViet2009
201H (cAT) Wisc1140, Darwin2140,
. . . . H3N8 (cAa, cga), H7N7 (cta, ctg)
202A (GcT) MXinDRE797 2010 TmX (280A, syn321L, 324I), IA14, KY25,
. . . . HK34360, Guangdong2282 (131P, 230I, 244I, 275A),
. . . . LiaoningShuncheng1145, LiaoningShuncheng1148 (131P, 230I, 244I, 275A),
. . . . Bilthoven4310901550 (89G), Bilthoven4360903104 (89G),
. . . . H9N2 (AcA, AcG)
202V synonymous (GTa) JiangsuXiaguan1411
202V synonymous (GTc) YAMAGATA778, YAMAGATA803, swIllinois,
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
203S (TcT) Non-PF11 Sask, S9, S7, M7, 1918, WSN33
204V synonymous (GTa) PA31, SHIZUOKA1573, 1918, S7
204V synonymous (GTa) TexasJMS367_2009_11_12, PA31,
. . . . AfghanN10767_2009_09, AfghanN10974_2009_09,
. . . . KuwaitN13111_2009_09_23,
. . . . Shizuoka1573, Niedersachsen34, RheinlandPfalz86,
. . . . 1918, S9, S7, M7, Sask,
. . . . H9N2 Israel 2009, H9N2 Iran 2008
205G synonymous (GGa) Texas76C2, Wisc (4),
. . . . AfghanN09836_2009_08, TurkeyTR19_2009 (233H)
. . . . Slovenia5662, Slovenia5711,
. . . . Iceland162M (225G), Iceland162Siat3 (225G),
. . . . tkDeutsche, swDeutsche,
. . . . S5, H3N8 (tCa), H9N2 (GCa), H6N1 (GGa), H7N7 (GGa)
205E (GaG) BadenWurttemberg8_2010, ShizuokaC247_2009_11_08
. . . . Alabama03_2010_03_01 mix,
. . . . H11 (Gat), H7N7 (Gaa), H7N7 dkVictoria1976 (GaG)
205W (tGG) Brno216_2009, PuneNIV9433 (2E, 176I, 252L, 296H)
206A CatS1161
206T (ACA) Extensive
206T (ACt) Georgia670_2010 (Europe)
. . . . HiroshimaC309 (syn116R, 158E, 225E, 300S, 301V mix, syn398E)
207S synonymous (TCg) California01_2010,
. . . . CalifVRDL100 . . . (119M [H7N7], 189T [H5, H6, H9N2], 377K [H9N2]),
. . . . CalifVRDL12_2010 (119M [H7N7], 189T [H5, H6, H9N2], 377K [H9N2],
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . syn477T [H3N8]),
. . . . CalifVRDL14_2010 (119M [H7N7], 189T [H5, H6, H9N2], 377K [H9N2],
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . syn477T [H3N8]),
. . . . Avian H2N3,
. . . . H7N7 mallCalHKWF1971_2007 plus 5
208K (AaA) US, UK, Canada, HK, MX, Italy (2), Australia (12), Asia (5),
. . . . BahrainN11890_2009_10, BahrainN11892_2009_10, Dakar 2010 (3)
. . . . Cyprus5870_2010 (214R, 225E, 324I),
. . . . swOR4060
208S Australia43, Australia45, H6N1
208G (gGA) NY6292, HubeiWuchang1407,
. . . . Avian H4N6, H9N2 (gaA)
208T Norway3440
208R synonymous (AGg) TexasJMS385_2009
209Y synonymous (TAt) ShanxiWanbolin337
209D NorthDakota15
210S synonymous (AGt) Bogota0466N, Malaysia9131,
. . . . PuneNIV9436 (8V, 226R),
. . . . H9N2 (Aat)
210G (gGC) Bilthoven4360903119 (225E)
210N Texas76C2,
. . . . Hiroshima647 (syn91G, 122E mix, syn145K, 200T, 219T mix) mix,
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
211K (AAa) synonymous MXinDRE50617 (225G), Niedersachsen330
211R swOR4060_2009_12_31, 1918, H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
212R swOR4060_2009_12_31, 1918, H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
212E Vlad01 (225G), Argentina8574_41, IN21, HI30, Malaysia4039,
. . . . Latvia122498 (225G), Iwate1093
212N ME15
212T Anadyr177_F (225G), CA07X179, CA07X181
212K synonymous (AAa) NY1999_2010_01_18, NY0461, TexasJMS404_2009,
. . . . AfghanN11216_2009_10_16
213L TX15, Iowa04_2010, H5N1
213F synonymous (TTt) NY3230_2010_01_25 (100N, 159K), StPete99 (225E),
. . . . Sachsen156, IsraelMF4683, Georgia4805 (35I), Georgia670_2010 (165R)
214K synonymous (AAa) CalifVRDL81 (100N, 135I), San DiegoINS101_2009,
. . . . NY1999_2010 (syn429L), NM13,
. . . . Iran20001, Iraq2587, CatS1937, ENG620,
. . . . China22811, GuangdongFutian1480,
. . . . NagasakiHA1015_2010_02_01 (135E, 377K),
. . . . NagasakiHA1017_2010_02_08 (135E, 377K, syn496A, 550K),
. . . . S5,
. . . . H5N1 Aga
. . . . H9N2
214E Kurgan01, Moldova (3), swOR4060_2009_12_31
214N ENG92960012, SHIZUOKA1514, Hessen48
214Q Wisc0936 (237L)
214R (AgG) Cyprus5870_2010 (208K, 225E, 324I)
215P synonymous (CCa) NY2372_2010_01_20 (233H), San DiegoINS101_2009,
. . . . Kuwait (4), SC33, Eng616, BZ_Bahia15525_42M_f (RRT),
. . . . NepalNP09A284, Thai0440, GuangdongyunchengSWL51,
. . . . swHK_2299_2009_10_22, swHK_NS1583_2009_10_22
215P synonymous (CCt) NY_WC37RG, MO02, Eng256, Lisboa171 (324I, 373H)
216E synonymous (GAg) BadenWurttemberg490_xL, Hamburg14_xL,
. . . . Thuringen189_xL, Thuringen227_xL, Bilthoven4360903109,
. . . . Moldova (4), Belarus, Bosnia (3, 225G),
. . . . Bulgaria1369 (99T), Ostrava221_2010,
. . . . Iraq2587, Indiana,
. . . . tn, H9N2 (GTg)
217M (ATg) CalifVRDL99 with 4 potential zoonotic polymorphisms
. . . . (syn97D [H3N8 Avian, Equine & Canine, H5N1 Avian & Human],
. . . . .syn147F [H3N8 Avian, H4, H5N1, H6N1, H11],
. . . . .377K [H9N2],
. . . . .syn429L [H3N8 Avian])
. . . . H5N1 Human Indonesia 2006,
. . . . H5N1 Avian Bangladesh 2008
218A synonymous (GCg) Belarus, GhanaN12987_2009_10,
. . . . H9N2 (GGg), H6N1
218A synonymous (GCt) Nebraska02_2010, Iraq2587,
. . . . WSN33
218E Texas77 (159S, syn173G, 275A, 377K, 454I)
218S (tCA) Georgia07_2010 mix
218T (aCA) Hiroshima201 (225G), KuwaitN12991_2009_08_24
. . . . BelgiumG4751_2009 mix, Latvia237_2010 mix (377K)
218V (GTa) GuangdongyunchengSWL51, Malaysia (2 mix wt)
218V (GTc) swIll02930, 2931, 2932, 2937 (2009-12-29, 30)
219I synonymous (ATt) Calif_SDINS35, CalifVRDL84 (35I), NY6939 (35I),
. . . . Ancona451_f, Lyon2490, Poitiers3691 (35I), Valladolid35 (35I),
. . . . RheinlandPfalz81, Berlin210, BadenWurttemberg511,
. . . . Saarland21 (35I), Luxembourg184_2010 (35I), Luxembourg251_2010 (35I),
. . . . Dakar 2010 (4, 35I), Cameroon463 (35I),
. . . . H5N1 (Act), H6N1 (gct, gat)
219T (AcA) Wisc0134 (225E), Ontario315107 (225E),
. . . . RomaISS223, TessenderloINS191,
. . . . Hiroshima647 (syn91G, 122E mix, syn145K, 200T, 210N mix) mix,
. . . . Korea3623_2009_11_09 (131P, 226R, 280A),
. . . . swOR4060_2009_12_31
220R synonymous (AGg) Florida02_2010, Mexico476, MexCtCIA4,
. . . . Malaysia9451,
. . . . H6N1
221P synonymous (CCa) WiscD0780
221P synonymous (CCt) Non-PF11 tkDeutsche, swDeutsche
222R (AgA) ThaiTHB0405, ThaiTHB0408
223V synonymous (GTa) Utah59, ThaiTHB0390
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 1946, 1951),
. . . . H6N1 mallSweden30/2005
223M CA33
224K SC18_VxX, Melbourne1_1946
224M NY5186
225D synonymous (GAc) HubeiWuchang1418,
. . . . swHK_NS1809_2009_12_03, swHK_NS1810_2009_12_03
225N BZ_SP53838, Ukraine mix wt, Victoria2125, Malaysia8860
. . . . Neimenggu-Hangjinhouqi51, EgyptN14648_2009_11,
. . . . IrelandM79555, IrelandM79556,
. . . . BadenWurttemberg502, et al
225E Extensive on multiple backgrounds, incl Kuwait, Ghana and Egypt.
. . . . Denmark1341 (158E, 264V), Cyprus5870_2010 (208K, 214R, 324I),
. . . . LaReunion3479, Morocco1088H (300S),
. . . . HiroshimaC309 (syn116R, 158E, syn206T, 300S, 301V mix, syn398E)
225G LvivN6_VxX with syn413K, UkDnip273 (GgT mix wt),
. . . . YaroslavlIIV196_2009_12_04_f (89G & 4 silent H5N1 changes),
. . . . TurkeyTR20 (324I), Thessaloniki791_2010 mix (186P, syn233Y, 324I, 377K),
. . . . Latvia121488_2009 (377K), Georgia4484_2009 (158E, 377K),
. . . . Iceland162M, Iceland162Siat3, Denmark1900,
. . . . China mix,
. . . . NY7216 (148F),
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51),
. . . . H6N1,
. . . . H9N2
225G (Gga) RomaISS1897 & 1941, EgyptVacsera138,
. . . . EgyptN14644_2009_11_01, ex225E all with 300S, H6N1
225E+226R Russia (3), GermanyBY74, swMX4
226R synonymous (CAg) Alabama08, Texas45033567, Texas45131305,
. . . . S7, M7, S5, tn
226R Alabama01_2010, Trabzon01 (Turkey), GermanyMVHGW4_2009_12,
. . . . Korea3623_2009_11_09 (131P, 280A), China,
. . . . catItaly304678_2_2009_12_17_f, et al
227E synonymous (GAg) Wisc (10), Texas45130742,
. . . . Paris2573, Paris2590,
. . . . Avian H2 (Ggg)
227A swOR4060_2009_12_31, tkDeutsche, swDeutsche,
. . . . NJ11_1976_X53A, 1918,
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
227V (GtA) RomaISS50
227G (GgA) Utah20_VxX mix, Avian H2
228G synonymous (GGa) Arizona06, Lisboa108 (225E, syn346G),
. . . . Valladolid35 (35I),
. . . . GhanaFS1982 (syn139C, 206T, 261K, 296H, syn346G, 377K),
. . . . GhanaFS2206 (syn139C, 206T, 261K, 296H, syn346G),
. . . . ShanxiPingding351
. . . . S9, S7, M7, S5,
. . . . H5N1
229R synonymous (AGg) swMX04 (225G, 226R), SichuanDongqu1818,
. . . . H6N1
230I (ATc) Sask, S9, S7, H6N1 (4), H7N7
230I (ATa) Wisc0337_2009_12_15 (275A, 377K),
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51),
. . . . H5N1 Gharbiyah 80% CFR,
. . . . H3N8
230I (ATt) Guangdong2282 (131P, 202A, 244I, 275A),
. . . . LiaoningShuncheng1148 (131P, 202A, 244I, 275A),
. . . . H5N1, H6N1,
. . . . H7N7,
. . . . H9N2
230V (gTG) TexasJMS369_2009
231N synonymous (AAt) NY3230_2010_01_25 (100N, 159K),
. . . . CalifVRDL36 mix (273K), Lisboa104
231D Ankara05, OSAKA2143, GuangxiQinnan1187,
. . . . H6N1,
. . . . H9N2 2008
231K (AAa) Wisc0853, Wisc1915, Wisc2337
. . . . WiscD0740 (22I, 176I, 188I, 277N, syn413K)
232Y synonymous (TAc) NY7216 (148F, 225G), TexasJMS386_2009,
. . . . Florida30, PuertoRico51,
. . . . S9, S7, M7, Sask,
. . . . H5N1, H6N1,
. . . . H9N2
233Y synonymous (TAt) AthensINS85,
. . . . Thessaloniki788_2010 (194I, 324I, 377K),
. . . . Thessaloniki791_2010 mix (186P, 225G, 324I, 377K),
. . . . Hiroshima645,
. . . . H6N1,
. . . . H9N2 2008
233H (cAC) NC Duke TmX cluster (5, mix, 225G, 225N), NY2372_2010_01_20,
. . . . AZ17 & Australia6, TurkeyTR19_2009 (syn205G),
. . . . swHK_189_2010_01_07
235A CatNS7632, CalifVRDL55
235I Wisc2489
236L synonymous (CTg) Wisc0099, H9N2 (gTg)
236V Eng93120020, ENG645, H9N2, H6N1
237I Delaware02_2010, Cal_SDINS69, England (2),
. . . . Russia (4), Asia (4), MadridINS185 (447K)
237L Wisc0936 (214Q), 1918, H1N1 (1943, 46, 51),
. . . . tn, H5N1, H6N1,
. . . . H9N2
237V synonymous (GTg) Pennsylvania31, KuwaitN13111_2009_09_23,
. . . . AfghanN10767_2009_09, AfghanN10974_2009_09,
. . . . H9N2 (TTg), M7 (CTg)
238G (GgG) AthensINS161 (89G, 152L)
238D Kaliningrad01 (225E+226R), tn
238K (aAG) Wisc2485 (225E), DjiboutiN13142_2009_12_08, Spain (3),
. . . . OrenburgIIV13_2010_03_02_xL_f (225G), China,
. . . . swOR4060,
. . . . H1N1 Iowa_1943,
. . . . H5N1, H6N1,
. . . . H9N2 2008
238E synonymous (GAa) Extensive Wisc2424, EgyptN14648_2009_11,
. . . . Latvia122498, ThaiTHA0364, ShanxiChengqu547,
. . . . Cyprus5800_2010, HvidovreINS141,
. . . . SC01_2010, MN01_2010,
. . . . H9N2 (aAa), H6N1 (aAa)
239P synonymous (CCt) ENG621, NY6939, swOR4060_2009_12_31
239P synonymous (CCa) Ancona508PG, Russia180, Australia60,
. . . . MS09, NV20, ME01_2010, tn,
. . . . H6N1
. . . . H9N2
240G synonymous (GGg) DC_INS24,
. . . . S9, S7, M7, Sask,
. . . . H6N1 (GGg),
. . . . H9N2
240G synonymous (GGc) Wisc0636,
. . . . H9N2 (GGc)
240E (GaA) Brandenburg34
241D synonymous (GAt) CatS1943, Colombia4117, swIll (3), S7, M7, tn, H5
241G NH17, ENG93040048
241E China22811, H9N2 (CAa, CAg), H6N1 (GAa, GAg)
242K synonymous (AAg) swOR4060_2009_12_31
244I ThaiCU_H9, Shiga1, Guangdong2282 (131P, 202A, 230I, 275A),
. . . . LiaoningShuncheng1148 (131P, 202A, 230I, 275A),
. . . . Ancona02, Stockholm29,
. . . . Alabama03_2010,
. . . . H1N1 (1946, 51), S9, S7, M7, Sask
244T synonymous (ACt) CatS1935, CatS2120
245F synonymous (TTt) Aswan2288 (189T, 377K)
246E synonymous (GAg) NorthCarolina56 (100N, syn137A, 377K),
. . . . S7, M7, 1918, tn,
. . . . H5N1
246G (GgA) Iceland163_2009 mix (159D)

The truth is in the sequences

Pandemic Influenza H1N1 Genetic Acquisitions

I have great respect for the efforts of the individual behind the report below.which is complete as penned.Its well worth reading and weighing the contained information.



Pandemic Influenza H1N1 Genetic Acquisitions
Today, April 29, 2010, 14 hours ago

Zoonotic H9N2 Avian Influenza Further Destabilises H1N1 Pandemic Genetics
Today, April 29, 2010, 14 hours ago | noreply@blogger.com (NS1)
Is the H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Reservoir Stable?

If you enjoy counting, even measuring by observation, please continue reading.

But you must realize that the iota, the jot and even the title, will be considered of value in this forthcoming exercise. Some in the science community appear to find the process of discovery by observation just too tedious. If you are of that mindset, please direct your attention to any of the many “Science for Hire” venues where illogical, but comforting, summations are drawn from cleverly manipulated data streams. Science sells today. But we sometimes speculate that science is becoming just another sell-out, an industry pursuing profit over knowledge?

On the other hand, if careful examination, even hard work, is part of your daily lab book, you'll find evidence in this discussion to introspect.

Leading public health officials continue even today to indicate that the pandemic virus is unchanged. Keep that statement in mind as you read this analysis of heavy change activity in the pandemic reservoir, watching closely for the recent branching into genetic areas matching H9N2.

Also keep in mind that even single changes have demonstrated substantial importance.

Ongoing worldwide studies duplicated by independent, geographically dispersed laboratories, including the labs of those noted public health officials, indicate that a single polymorphism may produce a significant outcome within a Pandemic Influenza reservoir. Numerous accounts of important revisions are on record across a vast geography. The HA gene segment provides suitable examples for this discussion. 225G has produced a Vaccine Escape event in LvivN6, an elevated Case Fatality Rate and a substantial number of severe outcomes. Individual changes from 157 to 159 have also demonstrated “low reactor” status and registered as Vaccine Escape events. When 230I entered the H5N1 Gharbiyah cluster in Egypt, the resultant Case Fatality Rate became 80% for that strain, a substantial increase from the accepted H5N1 CFR.

Three separate single genetic changes are well characterised in leading to various forms of Anti-Viral resistance. TamiFlu Resistance (TmX) has now dispersed widely in a pattern following the rapid spread of resistance in seasonal influenza via the same Single Nucleotide Polymorphism coding for 275Y on the Neuraminidase. Emergent and attractant H1N1 strains (Triple Reassortments again) co-circulating alongside the pandemic reservoir also carry 275Y. H5N1 inclusions increase in the pandemic reservoir with a continuous flow. The PB2 627K is confirmed as leading to increased replication speed in humans and has recently been documented in a second pandemic sequence. As we have maintained from the beginning of this pandemic, TamiFlu Resistance and 627K are foregone conclusions according to our calculations.

Our team noted an increase in Avian inclusions and recently predicted HA 230I for ΣPF11. The polymorphism was documented last week in Wisconsin (US) on a background that does not deter transmission. The geographic area has a notable increase in cross-linked activity. The individual sample, A/Wisconsin/629-D00337, is primed for spread with 2 additional HA markers, 275A (TX, NM, CA and Sweden) and 377K (aggressively emerging). The NA carries 220K, a marker found on one cross-linked sequence from the Ukraine and across a wide US geographic pattern from December 2009 to the most recent 2010 sequences (North Carolina, New Hampshire, Wisconsin and Nebraska). The H6N1 Avian reservoir conserves 220K on the NA of 6 samples. We consider the Wisconsin0337 sample to be an excellent candidate as a universal donor of sorts due to limited polymorphisms, FlightPath intersecting location and the fact that each revision is currently an emergent change.

A second variant of 230I has been recorded from southern China with A/Guangdong/2282. Though the underlying 230I nucleotide coding and the overall background is different from the Wisconsin0337 sequence, Guangdong2282 remarkably carries the extremely rare 275A, a permutation found in less than ten samples within this pandemic reservoir. Guangdong2282 displays a highly polymorphic HA with 131P, 202A, 230I, 244I and 275A. All but 131P are rare. 202A is only found on one other human pandemic sequence, a 2010 TamiFlu Resistant case from Mexico. Two of the four NA changes match 1918 (53I, syn315G) with potential H5N1 involvement on one other. Convergence of numerous rare polymorphisms, including potential acquisitions from H5N1, H6N1, H9N2 and 1918, informs us that the viral reservoir is amply supplied for variation and is adamant about exercising fresh patterns.

H9N2, a "bird flu" serotype, has been recently evaluated for human pandemic potential. By all appearances, the present H9N2 reservoir is not becoming a pandemic virus, but is very much influencing the genetic acquisition cycle of the currently circulating PF11 pandemic virus (pH1N1). Which is worse, another species-jumping serotype entering the fray or a combinational virus with genetics from multiple pandemic potential reservoirs appending onto the current partially-adapted virus? In either case, the Hydra Effect appears to be operating in full force.

Given this information, obvious questions begin to form. If one genetic change may potentiate variant clinical outcomes, drug resistance or Vaccine Escape, what is the potential for multiple changes producing a variant outcome? And if a single genetic change and/or multiple changes are capable of producing large changes in behaviour, should we, in turn, have a very high and accurate level of surveillance on this reservoir? And what should we do with that important information? Should our public health officials speak from a platform of candor and accuracy when carrying out the responsibilities of their trusted positions?

Let’s investigate now if the viral reservoir is, in fact, unchanged?

Approximately 86% of the Hemagglutinin positions between 186 and 244, including antigenic areas of the RBD, are on record as polymorphic. Only 8 positions in that range are stable. Many positions rate multiple changes. The list presented today is certainly not comprehensive. For the sake of brevity, only one section is discussed from one gene segment (HA) covering just 59 amino acid positions. The extensive variation in that short range is documented in the trailing data. Tracking these revisions against various baselines has informed our studies over the past year.

The positional summary may perhaps be instructive for those who hold the belief that the pandemic reservoir is stable. This report may provide reversing guidance for those who make public statements to the effect that pandemic H1N1 is not changing. Although their multiple motivations to transmit these types of false “Feel Good” statements are somewhat discernable, the citizen requires the full story, the truth, to make informed decisions.

Those making these statements do, in fact, understand Primary Logic and Basic Science; they do know that for a vaccine to be considered widely useful, the viral reservoir must be cooperative and unchanging. They also know that this reservoir is vastly changed. However, their jobs depend on providing a social message with a stated solution. Knowing that the vaccine is not useful against this present changed virus, they must by now realise that they have lost their stated solution. The traditional public health strategy in these solution-less situations is obfuscation. Re-education on basic fact, re-definition of truth, has now become the chief tenet, their tool of choice, to bridge that failure to solve.

Science solves . . . crafting a clever press release is not an act of science.

The official repetition of the “All Clear” social messaging campaign cannot reverse the weight of the actual data. The presently circulating virus is hereby documented in this report as changed and changing. No amount of repetition invoking the “unchanged” myth, that mystical “Feel Good” chant, can conjure an environment that miraculously creates a stable viral reservoir or that alters the ongoing genetic acquisition cycle.

However, that ongoing strategy of repetition is apparently very effective in managing the perception and manipulating the belief of the unsuspecting public. Sleight of hand is always discovered on careful observation . . . but will this reliance on myth be discovered soon enough?

Observe.

The viral reservoir backing this present H1N1 pandemic is far from stable and is actively acquiring new genetics. Current data does not indicate an immediate direction toward stability.

As is the nature with an IDRREAV, the positions reported here will not necessarily be the most important amino acid positions in the future. The reservoir will evade immunity and escape vaccine by heavily self-revising in the near future at key locations between 131 and 182 (emphasis at 155 to 177). Variation will occur with lower penetration at the head of the HA and from 272 downstream approximately 55 positions. Potential is very high that 22I will achieve density in one or more sub-clades. Expect 100N to spread and penetrate initially on sub-clades without the 22I appearances. South American polymorphisms from their fatal mid-pandemic strains of 2009 will recycle into the United States and other Northern Hemisphere nations with substantial thrust in the coming 90 days. Acceleration of the Avian based cross-linking will continue in the Western world.

Bear in mind also that a solid portion of the changes documented in this current list will become fixed even as additional donations are accumulated. The zoonotic movement from birds into human PF11 sequences is earnestly progressing in the most recent 45 days of available data. Several polymorphisms, HA and NA, from the recent 2010 Georgia hospitalization resurgence may have originated in Avian Influenza samples.

Expect continued acquisition from Avian H5N1, H6N1 and H1N1, and also watch the acceleration from one particularly new Avian donor serotype. H9N2 demonstrated a human jump in late 2008 and has very recently become fully engaged in ΣPF11 genetics with a well-defined etching on the newest cross-linked sequences. The reservoir flux will also be influenced by Swine H1N2 and H1N1 (emphasis on 3 certain emergent strains).

Is the Pandemic Influenza Reservoir Stable?

You decide . . .

186S synonymous (TCc) Russia61, BZSP53823_2009_08_01_f,
. . . . BadenWurttemberg8_2010, TexasJMS387_2009_12_08,
. . . . KO_Daegu1873_2009_12_16_TmX,
. . . . H9N2 (cCc, cac)
186P (cCT) CalifVRDL7, UkraineChernihiv857, Ankara17
186F (TtT) Ankara26
187T synonymous (ACc) Berlin164, S5, 1918, H9N2
187A (gCT) TexasJMS405_2009, TexasJMS406_2009, H5 (gaT)
188T swThaiCURA75_2010_01
188N SC16, SC31, NY3502, ME15, CatS1187, Milan433, Kaifu4142,
. . . . Japan, Bilthoven4360903023, S5, H5
188I Growing in US on cross-linked background (4), BZSP53823 (186S),
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
189V Sydney2503, Texas46172731, H6N1 mallMaryland887_2002, Sask
189S Wisc1434
189T Extensive in US, on cross-linkage (4), Ontario328474
. . . . H5N1 2009, H6N1, H9N2 2008
189A synonymous (GCc), Georgia01_2010, Georgia 2010 (+5), swOR4060
190D synonymous (GAt) Nebraska02_2010, Milan326, UkraineZakarpatska830,
. . . . 1918, H1N1 (1943, 51)
190Y SwedenMalmoe1_2010_01_01, H6N1 (tTG)
191R Chengdu18 (131P), GuangdongSWL28
192H GuangdongSWL28
192Q synonymous (CAg) RomaISS50, Nebraska01_2010, H1N1 (1943, 46)
193S synonymous (AGc) SC18, US 2010 (4), Milan294, Japan, H9N2
193G (gGT) AR08, Cal_SDINS04
193N Washington72, H9N2
193R (cGT) catItaly304678_1_2009_12_17_f
194I NC38E3, VA27, SC18, Bangladesh3009, StPete59, StPete99
194L synonymous (CTa) Japan4081, tn
. . . . H9N2 2008 (tTa), H6N1 chkTaiwan1205_2001 (CTa)
194L synonymous (CTt) TexasJMS385_2009,
. . . . H9N2 dkVietnamOIE2327_2009
196Q synonymous (CAa) Wisc (3), Moldova (3), Malaysia (2), Milan326,
. . . . Pavia (6), Ankara18, NordrheinWestfalen106, swOR4060
197T Malaysia4039
198A synonymous (GCc) KO_Seoul1870_2009_12_18_TmX
198V Malaysia5283, Malaysia9117
199N GuangdongSWL28, Milan80, Milan83, S9, S7, M7, Sask, H5 (aCT),
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51) (aCT)
199D synonymous (GAc) swine Illinois, H5, H9N2
200A synonymous (GCc) swOR4060, S5
200T (aCA) FL31, RomaniaTimis2018, Australia (6), Asia (13),
. . . . MilanUSHR1, Bilthoven4360901004,
. . . . ShizuokaC247_2009_11_08, H5, KO_Seoul1785_2009_11_TmX,
. . . . tkDeutsche, swDeutsche,
. . . . H9N2
200S (tCA) NC57, SC46, WiscD0780, WiscS1338, NY5276, NJ11,
. . . . DC_INS31, cheetahCA30954
201H (cAT) Wisc1140, Darwin2140, H3N8 (cAa, cga), H7N7 (cta, ctg)
202A (GcT) MXinDRE797 2010 TmX (280A, syn321L, 324I), IA14, KY25,
. . . . HK34360, Guangdong2282 (230I, 275A),
. . . . Bilthoven4310901550 (89G), Bilthoven4360903104 (89G),
. . . . H9N2 (AcA, AcG)
202V synonymous (GTc) YAMAGATA778, YAMAGATA803, swIllinois,
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
204V synonymous (GTa) PA31, SHIZUOKA1573, 1918, S7
204V synonymous (GTa) TexasJMS367_2009_11_12, PA31,
. . . . Shizuoka1573, Niedersachsen34, RheinlandPfalz86,
. . . . 1918, S9, S7, M7, Sask,
. . . . H9N2 Israel 2009, H9N2 Iran 2008
205E (GaG) BadenWurttemberg8_2010, ShizuokaC247_2009_11_08
. . . . Alabama03_2010_03_01 mix,
. . . . H11 (Gat), H7N7 (Gaa), H7N7 dkVictoria1976 (GaG)
205G synonymous (GGa) Texas76C2, Wisc (4), tkDeutsche, swDeutsche,
. . . . S5, H3N8 (tCa), H9N2 (GCa), H6N1 (GGa), H7N7 (GGa)
206A CatS1161
206T Extensive
207S synonymous (TCg) California01_2010
208K US, UK, Canada, HK, MX, Italy (2), Australia (12), Asia (3), swOR4060
208S Australia43, Australia45, H6N1
208G NY6292
208T Norway3440
208R synonymous (AGg) TexasJMS385_2009
209D NorthDakota15
210G (gGC) Bilthoven4360903119 (225E)
210S synonymous (AGt) Bogota0466N, Malaysia9131, H9N2 (Aat)
210N Texas76C2, H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
211K synonymous MXinDRE50617 (225G)
211R swOR4060_2009_12_31, 1918, H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
212R swOR4060_2009_12_31, 1918, H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
212E Vlad01 (225G), Argentina8574_41, IN21, HI30, Malaysia4039
212N ME15
212T Anadyr177_F (225G), CA07X179, CA07X181
212K synonymous (AAa) TexasJMS404_2009
213L TX15, Iowa04_2010, H5
213F synonymous StPete99 (225E)
214E Kurgan01, Moldova (3), swOR4060_2009_12_31
214N ENG92960012, SHIZUOKA1514, Hessen48
214Q Wisc0936 (237L)
214K synonymous (AAa) San DiegoINS101_2009, NM13, CatS1937,
. . . . ENG620, China22811, S5, H9N2
215P synonymous (CCa) San DiegoINS101_2009, SC33, Eng616,
. . . . GuangdongyunchengSWL51, BZ_Bahia15525_42M_f (RRT)
215P synonymous (CCt) NY_WC37RG, MO02, Eng256
216E synonymous (GAg) BadenWurttemberg490_xL, Hamburg14_xL,
. . . . Thuringen189_xL, Thuringen227_xL, Bilthoven4360903109,
. . . . Moldova (4), Belarus, Bosnia (3, 225G), Indiana, tn, H9N2 (GTg)
218A synonymous (GCg) Belarus, H9N2 (GGg), H6N1
218A synonymous (GCt) Nebraska02_2010
218E Texas77 (159S, syn173G, 275A, 377K, 454I)
218S (tCA) Georgia07_2010 mix
218T Hiroshima201 (225G)
218V (GTa) GuangdongyunchengSWL51, Malaysia (2 mix wt)
218V (GTc) swIll02930, 2931, 2932, 2937 (2009-12-29, 30)
219I synonymous (ATt) Cal_SDINS35, Ancona451_f, Lyon2490,
. . . . RheinlandPfalz81, Berlin210, BadenWurttemberg511,
. . . . H5 (Act), H6N1 (gct, gat)
219T (AcA) Wisc0134 (225E), Ontario315107 (225E), RomaISS223,
. . . . Korea3623_2009_11_09 (131P, 226R, 280A), swOR4060_2009_12_31
220R synonymous (AGg) Mexico476, Malaysia9451, H6N1
223V synonymous (GTa) Utah59, H1N1 (1943, 46, 51),
. . . . H6N1 mallSweden30_2005
223M CA33
224K SC18_VxX, Melbourne1_1946
224M NY5186
225N BZ_SP53838, Ukraine mix wt, Victoria2125, Malaysia8860 et al
225E Extensive on multiple backgrounds
225G LvivN6_VxX with syn413K, UkDnip273 (GgT mix wt),
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51), H9N2, H6N1
225G RomaISS1897 & 1941, EgyptVacsera138 (300S) ex225E (Gga), H6N1
225E+226R Russia (3), GermanyBY74, swMX4
226R Alabama01_2010, Trabzon01 (Turkey), GermanyMVHGW4_2009_12,
. . . . Korea3623_2009_11_09 (131P, 280A), catItaly304678_2_2009_12_17_f, et al
227A swOR4060_2009_12_31, NJ11_1976_X53A, 1918,
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51)
227V RomaISS50
227G Utah20 with wt mix
229R synonymous (AGg) swMX04 (225G, 226R), H6N1
230I Wisc0337_2009_12_15 (275A), Guangdong2282 (131P, 202A, 275A),
. . . . H1N1 (1943, 46, 51), H5 Gharbiyah 80% CFR, H9N2, H6N1
230V (gTG) TexasJMS369_2009
231D Ankara05, OSAKA2143, H9N2 2008, H6N1
231N CalifVRDL36
231K Wisc0853, Wisc1915, Wisc2337
232Y synonymous (TAc) TexasJMS386_2009, Florida30, PuertoRico51, S9, S7, M7, Sask,
. . . . H9N2, H5, H6N1
233Y synonymous (TAt) AthensINS85, Hiroshima645, H9N2 2008, H6N1
233H NC Duke (5, wt, 225G, 225N), AZ17 & Australia6
235A CatNS7632, CalifVRDL55
235I Wisc2489
236L synonymous (CTg) Wisc0099, H9N2 (gTg)
236V Eng93120020, ENG645, H9N2, H6N1
237I Delaware02_2010, Cal_SDINS69, England (2), Russia (4), Asia (2)
237L Wisc0936 (214Q), 1918, H1N1 (1943, 46, 51),
. . . . tn, H5, H9N2, H6N1
237V synonymous (GTg) Pennsylvania31, H9N2 (TTg), M7 (CTg)
238D Kaliningrad01 (225E+226R), tn
238K (aAG) Wisc2485 (225E), Spain (2), China,
. . . . OrenburgIIV13_2010_03_02_xL_f (225G), swOR4060,
. . . . Iowa_1943, H5, H9N2 2008, H6N1
238E synonymous (GAa) Extensive Wisc2424, SC01_2010, MN01_2010,
. . . . H9N2 (aAa), H6N1 (aAa)
239P synonymous (CCt) ENG621, swOR4060_2009_12_31
239P synonymous (CCa) Ancona508PG, Russia180, Australia60, ME01_2010, tn,
. . . . H9N2, H6N1
240G synonymous (GGg) DC_INS24, H9N2, H6N1 (GGg), S9, S7, M7, Sask
240G synonymous (GGc) Wisc0636, H9N2 (GGc)
240E (GaA) Brandenburg34
241D synonymous (GAt) CatS1943, tn
241G NH17, ENG93040048
241E China22811, H9N2 (CAa, CAg), H6N1 (GAa, GAg)
242K synonymous (AAg) swOR4060_2009_12_31
244I ThaiCU_H9, Guangdong2282 (131P, 202A, 230I, 275A), Shiga1,
. . . . Ancona02, Stockholm29,
. . . . Alabama03_2010, H1N1 (1946, 51), S9, S7, M7, Sask
244T synonymous (ACt) CatS1935, CatS2120

The truth is in the sequences.

Egypt, US seek boosting trade exchange

Yes Egypt has long been considered third world, relative to many other countries.That said it's recent history clearly indicates other wise.Business is expanding across all sectors.Real opportunity exist to expand a company's reach into the middle east area using the concept/vehicle mentioned below.

Business leaders across America should consider sending a portion of they're management personnel on a working vacation to explore what could be a excellent way to develop deeper,stronger cultural and business ties in this very important part of our global community.

Were currently performing a operational review of a family owned paint and adhesives manufacturing facility it is a smaller operation by global standards.This firm leads the egyptain market with two of its primary products they produce.

Sunday, 21 March 2010
Egypt, US seek boosting trade exchange

US Assistant Secretary of Commerce Suresh Kumar underlined the importance of promoting US-Egyptian trade relations.

During his participation in a meeting in Washington with members of the Arab American Chamber of Commerce, Kumar said trade relations binding Egypt and the US should further develop.

According to Kumar, Egypt ranks 34th on the list of US trade partners which does not commensurate with US-Egyptian relations.

The US official said Egypt has great opportunities that would enable it to merge into world trade, especially following reform measures introduced by the government.

Egypt has great potentials that could help the country secure a better rank among countries enjoying high volume of trade with the US, he added.

Egypt Cairo Inside

Cairo Inside. I spent my first couple of months living in the Sonesta chain,which was located just off the main road coming from the airport. I found the hotel to be acceptable and the staff very helpful.It was a business type hotel with a very good mix of dining areas and most carry the local wines which were nice and come from the Geniclise area of Egypt. which means grape in English. The wines also make a very simple good gift.Cairo and greater Egypt, truly are worth visiting. Meeting the Egyptian people away from the tourist industry.Will surely show you a wonderful culture. Based on my life here.That when combined with some of the common simple everyday foods will only add to your stay becoming a positive visit to this wonderful country as mine has been. Everything here takes place at a much slower pace, time really can seem to be un-important within our daily life.When visiting the country side and small villages one often meets up with the pride of Egypt found with in the hospitality of a simple farmer. That's willing to share hot tea with you and maybe, he even elects to honor all mankind by offering to share a family meal with you. During your planed travels through out Egypt never eat from the Donkey carts along the roadways.

Living In Egypt

Rather nice blog which honestly shows the good life within Egypt.While addressing some of the short comings of people in general. Living in Egypt is honest and worth reading material for thoses considering a trip to this wonderful country.

My Dentist in Egypt

No need to make the same mistake I have over the years.Plan for things to go wrong with your health and or teeth.Why, be forced into using the first available doctor or Dentist you can locate.

It really is worth planning ahead for thses types of emergencys. I highly recommend all travelers begin their efforts at home long before departure to a new land.

One good source to start with, would be your own Embassy located in the country you will travel to.

In my earler comment about my current Dentist within Egypt,I failed to mention his currently active American memberships. Im currently gathering the details on five of his memberships.Which I will add when its all available to me.

My current Dentist located in Maadi Egypt

Here's a good piece of information to tuck away for use within Egypt when the need arises and it always does for those visiting longer term. I have known and used plenty of the local dentist,during my fifteen years in Egypt.That said all of my recent routine stuff, has been taken care of by the Columbia University trained and certified Dr Mostafa E. Osman. His thirty year long carer was spent working outside of Egypt.He retired last year from work aboard and returned to his home land.He managed to locate office space on the ground floor of a building in the Zahraa area of Maadi.which is very close to the large satellite transmitting equipment. Dr. Mostafa is fluent in English and gentle in his work.I found his prices were very reasonable compared with the other's. I've used over the years here. The doctor maintains the following current American memberships

• Doctor of Dental Surgery U.SA.
• National Board of Dentistry U.S.A.
• North East Regional Board U.S.A.
• Columbia University New York U.S.A.

The Doctors office is located at.

Zahraa El Maadi St. in the Teiba Bldg. Number A2 Apt#1 Dr. Mostafa can be reached within Egypt by telephone at 27058496 or via mobile 011489973

The American Embassy maintains a list of health care providers within Egypt which can be accessed via the link above. Please note the dis-claimer at the top of the page.

Great travel advice for Egypt

If your planing a trip to Egypt, for either work or fun .Check out the travel advice from other real world travelers in the forums at Virtual Tourist Make sure you read through the many travel warnings which ,quite often provide useful information. For the first time traveler to Egypt.If your work brings you here on a military type program you must provide documents that certify your HIV free.